Minnesota Wildflowers


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Erythronium albidum (White Trout Lily)

Plant Info
Also known as: White Fawn Lily, White Dog-tooth Violet, White Adder's Tongue
Genus:Erythronium
Family:Liliaceae (Lily)
Life cycle:perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, shade; moist woods
Bloom season:April - May
Plant height:4 to 8 inches
USDA PLANTS database:Minnesota county distribution map

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Detailed Information

Flower: 6-petals

[photo of flowers] Flowers are about 1 inch across and long, nodding down at the end of a naked stem that arises from the base of the plant. There are 6 white tepals (3 petals and 3 petal-like sepals) that curve back, and 6 yellow stamens that extend down from the center. The backs of the tepals are often tinged violet. The flowers close up at night and open in the morning. One plant produces a single flower, but not all plants have flowers.

Leaves: basal simple

[photo of leaves] There are 1 or 2 basal leaves, generally elliptical, tapering to a point at both ends, with smooth edges and short stems. Immature, non-flowering plants have 1 leaf, mature flowering plants have 2 leaves of unequal size, the larger up to 8 inches long and 2 inches wide. The color is mottled green and brown. Leaves may be curled or folded lengthwise some, or opened flat.

Notes:

White Trout Lily is one of the first woodland flowers to bloom in the spring. It forms large colonies—there are literally millions of them at Nerstrand Big Woods State Park. The leaves of trout lilies are easily recognizable, but there are multiple species that have the same kind of leaves and grow at the same time in the same habitat. They aren't very distinguishable when not flowering. Dwarf Trout Lily, which has much smaller white flowers, is one, and Yellow Trout Lily is another.

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More photos

Photos taken at Coon Rapids Dam Regional Park, Coon Rapids MN and Nerstrand Big Woods State Park, Nerstrand MN April-May 2008

Comments

Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?

Posted by: Terri D
on: 2009-04-21 10:41:22

Walking the Red Jacket Bike trail in the city limits of Mankato, MN has patches of these floweres along the trail.

Posted by: Phil in Brooklyn Park
on: 2010-06-19 20:09:27

There are several patches of white trout lilies around the Rum River Roadside Rest area, about 10 miles north of Milaca, on Hwy. 169. Best time to see them in blossom seems to be early May. They are interspersed among the hundres of trilliums. These, apparently, are NOT the endangered Dwarf Trout Lily.

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