Minnesota Wildflowers


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Cicuta maculata (Water Hemlock)

Plant Info
Also known as: Spotted Water Hemlock, Spotted Cowbane
Genus:Cicuta
Family:Apiaceae (Carrot)
Life cycle:biennial, perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, sun; along shores, wet fields, moist thickets, wet ditches
Bloom season:June - August
Plant height:3 to 6 feet
USDA PLANTS database:Minnesota county distribution map
Spotted in Ramsey County at:

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Detailed Information

Flower: 5-petals flat

[photo of flowers] Flat compound clusters (umbels) up to 6 inches across of 1/8-inch white flowers. Individual flowers have 5 petals, notched at the tip, 5 long stamens and a greenish white center. Flowers usually arise from a stalk in groups of 12-15, with 10 or more groups (umbellets) in a cluster. One plant usually has several clusters.

Leaves and stem: alternate compound

[photo of leaves] Double compound leaves may be well over a foot long in the lower part of the plant and much smaller at the top; each compound leaf has 3 or more leaflets. Leaflets are up to 4 inches long and 1¼ inches across with pointed tips and sharp teeth. Leaflets often fold up some from the central vein. A distinguishing feature of the leaves is the veins radiating from the central vein tend to terminate in the notch of the teeth instead of the tip. The stem may be green or purple, or have purple streaks or spots.

Notes:

This is one of the most deadly poisonous plants in the U.S. to both humans and animals, and potentially invasive. The DNR recommends that if you find this on your property you should remove it immediately. It is easy to distinguish from other members of the Carrot family by the leaves.

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Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest

More photos

Photos taken at Rice Creek Trail Corridor, Shoreview, MN June-July 2009

Comments

Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?

Posted by: Jody
on: 2009-07-25 00:33:02

My landscaper friend "consulted with ecologist Mary Reider with the DNR. She suggests pulling it if you are trying to foster diversity of species on your property."

and Mary McFadden-Lesar of the DNR wrote:
"Water hemlock 'Cicuta L.' may be a native plant but there is no reason why you have to allow it to thrive in your landscape. I, personally, would take Water Hemlock out of my landscape due to its toxicity to so many animals as well as humans."

One each for poisonous and weedy/invasive. Mine is drying in my firepit, awaiting the next bonfire.

Posted by: K Chayka
on: 2009-07-25 18:20:58

Thanks for the clarification!

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