
| Also known as: | Liverwort, Liverleaf |
|---|---|
| Genus: | Anemone |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae (Buttercup) |
| Life cycle: | perennial |
| Origin: | native |
| Habitat: | part shade, shade; deciduous or mixed woods |
| Bloom season: | April - May |
| Plant height: | 2 to 6 inches |
| County distribution (click map to enlarge): | ![]() |
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A single flower ½ to 1 inch across is at the end of a hairy leafless stalk. There are 5 to 12 petal-like sepals, usually 6, and numerous white stamens surrounding a green center. Petal color ranges from violet to white, sometimes pinkish. Behind the flower are 3 large hairy bracts each up to 1/3 inch long, oval to egg-shaped with a blunt or pointed tip. One plant has a tuft of a few to many flowers.
Leaves are up to 3 inches long and wide on a slender hairy stalk up to 6 inches long, and lobed in 3 parts of similar size, each lobe generally egg-shaped with a pointed tip.
The leaves don't start opening up until the flowers bloom. They are mostly mottled green through spring and summer, turn red or brown in fall and persist through the winter. They wither away when the plant starts blooming again the following spring.
Hepaticas are among the first flowers to bloom in the spring. Sharp-lobed Hepatica and Round-lobed Hepatica have gone through a couple of name changes, at one time Hepatica acutiloba and H. americana respectively, and more recently considered different varieties of the same species, Hepatica nobilis var. acuta and var. obtusa respectively. Now they are different species again, in the Anemone genus, and closely related to the European species Anemone hepatica. The easiest way to differentiate Sharp-lobed from Round-lobed is—you guessed it—the round or pointed tips on leaves. The flowers are much the same and, while the tips of the bracts on Sharp-lobed may be more pointed than on Round-lobed, this can be subtle so is not necessarily a reliable distinction. Their ranges overlap significantly and may be found in the same habitat at the same time of year, though Round-lobed Hepatica may be found on drier sites in more acidic soils.
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Hepatica plant, about 6 inches tall
Sharp-lobed Hepatica habitat
Sharp-lobed Hepatica sprouting up through the snow
more violet flowers
more white flowersPhotos by K Chayka taken at Nerstrand Big Woods State Park, Rice County, and Falls Creek SNA, Washington County. Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken at Vermillion Falls, Dakota County and Falls Creek SNA.
Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?
We spotted the leaves near Sand Creek landing within the park. To late to see the flowers year of 2010. Will be hoping to spot the flowers early this spring
My daughters saw this flower blooming on April 6th on a hilltop in Winona, a few miles from the Mississippi River.
There are six sets of Sharp-lobed Hepatica, flowering now mid-April in the northwest sector of Indian Heights Park. They are so pretty so early after a long winter!
I have seen hepatica occasionally on walks, but rarely have I caught it flowering. But yesterday (4/25/2011), we saw the biggest batch of flowering hepatica I have ever seen. There were thousands of them all along the dirt road (T-131) downstream from Millville about a mile on the hillside opposite the Zumbro river. Pretty impressive.
After our recent foot of snow, I was so excited to see blue and white hepatica along our 1/2 mile driveway. Spring must really be here! The flower colors ranged from white to medium purple. We only saw leaves emerging on the white flowered variety. 5/5/2011
Nice cluster of white and blue hepatica blooming at our cabin in the forest. Distribution map doesn't list Mille Lacs county?
Thanks for writing. The USDA Plants distribution maps are pretty out-dated and there doesn't seem to be a way to bring them into this century, so we started making our own maps. When we get to updating hepatica there will be a dot in Mille Lacs county!
on: 2010-04-09 21:39:05
On Easter Sunday -- hillsides were covered also bloodroot, just starting wild ginger and the leaves for the Trout Lily, a few Dutchman Breeches -- great place for a hike