Minnesota Wildflowers


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Mitchella repens (Partridgeberry)

Plant Info
Also known as: Two-eyed Berry, Twin Berry
Genus:Mitchella
Family:Rubiaceae (Madder)
Life cycle:perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, sun; dry to moist. sandy soil, rich woods, rocky outcrops
Bloom season:June - July
Plant height:4 to 12 inches
County distribution (click map to enlarge):Minnesota county distribution map

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Detailed Information

Flower: Flower shape: 4-petals tubular

[photo of flowers] Flowers are in pairs at the end of a stem. Individual flowers are 1/3 to ½ inch across, with a long slender tube and typically 4 pointed flaring lobes, rarely with 3, 5 or 6 lobes. The inner surfaces of the flower are densely covered in white fuzz. Flowers have 2 forms on different plants (heterostylic), one with 4 long pinkish stamens and a short pistil hidden in the tube, the other a long white pistil with the stamens hidden in the tube. In both cases, the ovaries of both flowers are fused at the base so a single fruit with 2 “eyes” develops.

Leaves and stem: Leaf attachment: opposite Leaf type: simple

[photo of leaves] Leaves are evergreen, round to egg shaped, ½ to ¾ inch long, with a waxy surface, smooth edges, a whitish midrib and short leaf stalk, oppositely attached. Slender, smooth stems spread along the ground, rooting at leaf nodes and forming large mats. Individual stems can be up to 12 inches long.

Fruit:

[photo of fruit] A single bright red berry about 1/3 inch across forms from a pair of flowers, containing 8 seeds.

Notes:

Partridgeberry is not common to run across and like many wildflowers the bloom period is relatively short. It is not one of those species you go looking for but rather an unexpected happenstance.  One of the sites had a very large mat that was apparent in it's dark green mass from a considerable distance and recognizing it we returned later in the season for the bloom period. The other site had just a little clump on the northside of a large oak as I was wandering along and I could have easily passed by—I was unable to relocate it in subsequent years. Big and showy flowers can be big and showy but tiny and exquisite flowers are simply delightful.

Where to buy native seed and plants

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Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest

More photos

Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk, taken at two Scientific and Natural Areas in Anoka and Washington counties.

Comments

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