Minnesota Wildflowers


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Mertensia paniculata (Northern Bluebells)

Plant Info
Also known as: Tall Lungwort, Tall Bluebells, Panicled Bluebells
Genus:Mertensia
Family:Boraginaceae (Borage)
Life cycle:perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, shade; damp woods and woodland edges
Bloom season:May - July
Plant height:1 to 4 feet
County distribution (click map to enlarge):Minnesota county distribution map

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Detailed Information

Flower: Flower shape: 5-petals bell tubular Cluster type: panicle raceme

[photo of flowers] Racemes of ½-inch hanging funnel-shaped blue flowers on slender stalks, arising from leaf axils and the end of branching stems in the upper part of the plant. The bell-like corolla has 5 shallow but distinct slightly flaring lobes, the tubular throat is shorter than the bell. 5 sepals holding the tube are lance shaped and shorter than the tube. Sepals and flower stalks are both covered in flattened, bristly hairs. Buds are pink to purplish, turning blue when the flower opens.

Leaves and stem: Leaf attachment: alternate basal Leaf type: simple

[photo of leaves] Leaves are dark green, 2 to 5 inches long, ¾ to 1½ inches wide, lanceolate to egg-shaped, toothless, bristly hairy, with a long tapering tip and rounded base, narrowing to a short winged stalk. Basal leaves are larger, with longer stalks. Stems are also bristly hairy. 

Fruit:

[photo of fruit] Fruit is a sectioned capsule, each section containing a nutlet. The elongated white style projects from the center while it ripens, then shrivels up to thread-like tail.

Notes:

Northern Bluebells are fairly common along roadsides and woodland edges along Lake Superior and St. Louis county. The flowers resemble those of related species Virginia Bluebells (Mertensia virginica) but the natural ranges of these two do not overlap, except in Fillmore county. The flowers on the latter have a tube longer than the bell, is hairless, and leaves are rounded at the tip. I've not seen Northern Bluebells in cultivation but see no reason not giving it a try. Its more northern range and site moisture preferences are probably a hint that it's not real crazy about hot, dry and sunny summer conditions, though an internet search revealed that Australian gardeners had an interest in it. Gardeners... go figure. There is a similar species available as nursery stock (the species name escapes me at this time) but it is a non-native.

Where to buy native seed and plants

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  • Out Back Nursery and Landscaping - Where Ecology and Horticulture Unite
  • Shooting Star Native Seeds - Native Prairie Grass and Wildflower Seeds
  • Landscape Alternatives - Distinctive Native Plants since 1986!
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Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest

More photos

Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk, taken at a highway rest stop in St. Louis county and Tettegouche state park in Lake county.

Comments

Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?

Posted by: Ami in Brooklyn Park, MN
on: 2011-05-18 21:10:39

This beautiful plant suddenly appeared in my little backyard in Brooklyn Park, among the Wild Ginger, and twisted stalk. The leaves are not as pointed as the photos on this page, and more oval and delicately veined, such as baby spinach.

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