Minnesota Wildflowers


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Platanthera psycodes (Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid)

Plant Info
Also known as: Small Purple Fringed Orchis
Genus:Platanthera
Family:Orchidaceae (Orchid)
Life cycle:perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, sun; moist woods, swamps, marshes, wet meadows, shorelines
Bloom season:July - August
Plant height:1 to 5 feet
USDA PLANTS database:Minnesota county distribution map

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Detailed Information

Flower: irregular raceme spike

[photo of flowers] Lavender to rose-purple (rarely white) irregular flowers, loosely to densely packed in a spike-like raceme up to 10 inches long at the top of the stem. Individual flowers are ½ to ¾ inch long; 3 small petal-like sepals form a hood over the 2 pollen sacs, 2 small lateral petals spread out at the sides. The lower lip is white at the base and distinctly 3 lobed, the tips of each lobe shallowly to deeply fringed, with the middle lobe largest. At the back is a long, slender, curving, purplish spur.

Leaves and stem: alternate simple

[photo of leaves] Leaves are generally oval to elliptic with pointed tips, toothless, hairless, sheathing the stem, and become progressively smaller as they ascend the stem. At the base of the plant leaves are up to 8½ inches long and 2¾ inches wide; they are reduced to bracts near the flowers. Leaves are alternately attached on the smooth, green stem

Notes:

While the Goodyera orchids appear to be perpetually in song, the Platanthera (fringed orchids) appear to me to be perpetually dancing. Minnesota is at the western edge of the range for Purple Fringed Orchid; it is most likely to be found in forests and wetlands from the northern edge of the Metro to north central counties and the Arrowhead, as well as the southeast corner of the state.

Where to buy native seed and plants

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  • Shooting Star Native Seeds - Native Prairie Grass and Wildflower Seeds
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Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest

More photos

Photos by K. Chayka taken near Interstate State Park, August 2009. Other photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken in northern Aitkin County.

Comments

Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?

Posted by: Petyer
on: 2010-02-13 19:08:08

This fancy flower has fickle colored eyes and tresses, I say they take to flight quite easily in their dancing.

Posted by: Jim in Voyageur's Nat'l Park, Kettle Falls Hotel
on: 2010-07-12 22:07:05

Very nice specimens on the road from the hotel to the Kettle Falls dam. Other nice flowers nearby, including Heal All.

Posted by: Barb in Two Harbors, MN
on: 2011-05-04 09:21:21

I found several plants in the ditch area of Flood Bay Road last summer. It was the first time I noticed them and a pleasant surprise. They are a "happy" looking flower!

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