Minnesota Wildflowers


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Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry)

Plant Info
Also known as: Kinnikinnick
Genus:Arctostaphylos
Family:Ericaceae (Heath)
Life cycle:perennial
Origin:native
Habitat:part shade, sun; dry sandy or rocky soil
Bloom season:May - June
Plant height:4 to 8 inches
USDA PLANTS database:Minnesota county distribution map

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Detailed Information

Flower: 5-petals bell raceme

[photo of flowers] Short racemes of soft, nodding white to pink bell-like flowers ¼ inch wide by 3/8 inch long, with the opening smaller than the base, and 5 fringed pink lobes. One plant has several clusters on branching stems.

Leaves and stem: alternate simple

[photo of leaves] Leaves are ¼ to ½ inch wide, ½ to 1 inch long, leathery, evergreen, round-oval and glossy with smooth edges, tapering at the base to a short leaf stem. Attachment is alternate but may look opposite when crowded on the stem. Stems are to 24 inches long, woody, covered with very short hairs, and sprawling with many branches, forming large dense mats that can be 3 or more feet across.

Fruit:

[photo of fruit] Fruit is a bright red, inedible berry (drupe) of roughly the same size as the flowers, containing 5 nutlets.

Notes:

Bearberry has many regional common names, including barren (or burren) myrtle, bear's whortleberry, mountain box, and hog crawberry, with the fruit also known as rapper dandies and bear's grape. Common on rocky out croppings, sandy pine barrens, beach ridges and road rights-of-way, the diverse number of common names tells you plant gets noticed where ever it grows. It is classified as a shrub.

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Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest

More photos

Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk, taken at the U of M Cloquet Forestry Center and at the General C.C. Andrews state forest nursery

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